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social corporatism
Social corporatism (also called Social democratic corporatism)〔''Social Democratic Corporatism and Economic Growth'', by Hicks, Alexander. 1998. The Journal of Politics, Vol. 50, No. 3 (Aug., 1988), pp. 677-704〕 is a form of economic tripartite corporatism based upon a social partnership between the interests of capital and labour, involving collective bargaining between representatives of employers and of labor mediated by the government at the national level. Social corporatism is a major component of the Nordic model of capitalism, and to a lesser degree, the West European social market economies.
Corporatism is considered a compromise to regulate the conflict between capital and labour by mandating them to engage in mutual consultations that are mediated by the government,〔Peter J. Katzenstein. ''Corporatism and change: Austria, Switzerland, and the politics of industry''. Ithaca, United States: Cornell University Press, 1984 (first publication), 1987 (first printing). P74-75.〕〔Gerassimos Moschonas, Gregory Elliot (translator). ''In the name of social democracy: the great transformation, 1945 to the present''. London, United Kingdom; New York, United States: Verso, 2002. P63-69.〕 and is generally supported by nationalist〔R.J. Overy 2004. page 614〕 and social democratic political parties.
Social corporatism developed in the post-World War II period, influenced by social democrats and Christian democrats in European countries such as Austria, Norway, the Netherlands, Germany and Sweden.〔Gerassimos Moschonas, Gregory Elliot (translator). ''In the name of social democracy: the great transformation, 1945 to the present''. London, United Kingdom; New York, United States: Verso, 2002. P64.〕
Social corporatism has been adopted in different configurations and to varying degrees in various European countries. The Nordic countries have the most comprehensive form of collective bargaining, where trade unions are represented at the national level by official organizations alongside employers unions. Together with the welfare state policies of these countries, this forms what is termed the "Nordic model". Less extensive models exist in Germany and Austria, which are components of Rhine capitalism.
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